Colin McPhee was a Canadian composer and ethnomusicologist born in Montreal in 1900 who began his career in the 1920s composing and arranging in North America before devoting much of his work to the study of Indonesian gamelan music. He conducted extended fieldwork in Bali, transcribed and recorded Balinese gamelan, integrated its melodic and rhythmic structures into Western compositional forms and published the study Music in Bali, helping to introduce Balinese music to Western musicians and scholars.